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  • 2021年1月5日 印度尼西亚定于下周启动大规模冠病疫苗接种计划,目前已向全国各地分发大约70万剂中国制药商北京科兴生物公司研发的疫苗

    印度尼西亚定于下周启动大规模冠病疫苗接种计划,目前已向全国各地分发大约70万剂中国制药商北京科兴生物公司研发的疫苗。

    印尼首席经济部长艾尔朗卡昨日说,一旦冠病疫苗获得食品和药品监督管理局发出紧急使用授权,当局将在下周展开接种计划。这意味着印尼将成为全球首个大规模接种北京科兴疫苗的国家。

    印尼向北京科兴生物公司(Sinovac)订购了1亿2550万剂疫苗(名为CoronaVac),首批300万剂疫苗已运抵印尼。印尼政府也同两家西方制药商签定采购冠病疫苗的协议。英国的阿斯利康(AstraZeneca)和美国的诺瓦瓦克斯(Novavax)将分别于今年第三季和第二季,开始向印尼供应疫苗。印尼目前采购的疫苗已超过3亿2900万剂。

    卫生部长布迪说,印尼须为1亿8100万人或约67%人口接种疫苗,才能实现群体免疫。印尼将首先为130万名医疗人员接种,随后轮到公务员和疫情“红区”内18岁至59岁的居民。卫生部一名高级官员日前说,当局的目标是在15个月内完成接种计划。接种费用由政府承担,财政部长慕燕妮透露,这将耗资逾74万亿印尼盾(约70亿新元)。

    印尼国营制药厂Bio Farma昨日发布声明说,已将大约71万4000剂CoronaVac疫苗分发到34个省份。

    优先给18岁至59岁者接种保障广大劳动人口安全

    印尼政府并未如欧美国家那样,优先给老年人接种,而是让18岁至59岁者排在接种队伍前头,其目的是希望保障广大劳动人口的安全,并快速实现群体免疫,拯救遭受重创的经济。

    印尼也说,没让老人优先接种是因为无法掌握足够数据显示CoronaVac疫苗在老人身上有多大的功效。该疫苗在印尼的临床试验未有老人参与,参与者年龄介于18岁至59岁。优先让老人接种疫苗的英国和美国则是采用辉瑞疫苗,该疫苗经由临床测试证实对各年龄层都有效。

    印尼卫生部一名高级官员说,当局会等到药品监管局提出相关建议之后,再敲定老人接种计划。

    新加坡国立大学医院传染病科高级顾问医生戴尔·弗斯尔(Dale Fisher)表示,印尼让年轻劳动人口先接种,有其合理依据,“他们比较活跃,社交圈子比较广,而且经常出行,采用这一(接种)策略可更快抑制社区传染”。

    至于实现集体免疫,专家则持质疑态度。印尼卫生经济协会主席哈斯布拉指出,已经接种的人未必不会传染病毒,这方面还有待进一步研究来确定。

  • 2021-1-4,亚洲地区的人口总数占全球总人口的30%,但一年来亚洲因感染新冠病毒而死亡的人数仅占全球因新冠而死亡的总人数的2,4%,总数为为44000人,除了数字统计上可能出现的误差以及人口平均年龄上的差异之外,人种差异是否与此有关

    2021-1-4,亚洲地区的人口总数占全球总人口的30%,但一年来亚洲因感染新冠病毒而死亡的人数仅占全球因新冠而死亡的总人数的2,4%,总数为为44000人,除了数字统计上可能出现的误差以及人口平均年龄上的差异之外,人种差异是否与此有关?

    日本多位学者认为其中原因或者与人种基因有关。

    日本东京大学教授 Tatsuhiko Kodama最近几个月来对一百多名感染新冠病毒的患者的血清样本进行了检测,他惊讶地发现在所有病人的血样中都检测出一种特殊的抗体。这种特殊的抗体是人体在第二次接触同一种病毒时才可能产生的抗体,因此他认为亚洲民众对病毒的反映似乎显示他们在之前早已遭受类似的新冠病毒的攻击。除了萨斯,中东呼吸综合症病毒之外,还有其他同类性质的病毒在亚洲地区流行多年。这或许可以解释为何亚洲地区的病毒杀伤率要远远低于欧美。从这一基础出发,有学者甚至认为亚洲人种或许由于历史上受到类似的病毒的感染而出现了免疫基因。日本多家大学的病毒学专家成立了« Coronavirus Task Force » 新冠病毒攻坚小组,分组研究从五百名患者身上收集到的基因样本,这五百名患者被分为轻度患者与重症状者。研究的焦点是简称为HLA的人類白細胞抗原(英語:human leukocyte antigen,缩写为HLA),他是編碼人类的主要组织相容性复合体(MHC)的基因,具有监督人类免疫机制的功能,这一功能因人种而已,2018年诺贝尔医学奖得主 日本病毒专家本庶佑(Tasuku Honjo)指出,该细胞系统对病原体的鉴定起到关键作用。目前研究工作正在进行之中,预计在今后几个月内,学者们或将可以断定亚洲人种是否对新冠病毒具有天生的免疫能力。

  • 疫情正在影响许多重要人际关系,这已是老生常谈。但律师、心理咨询师和学者正开始更清楚地了解导致新冠肺炎导致人际关系解体热潮的多种因素,以及为何似乎到2021年这种热潮愈演愈烈。

    夫妻关系专家认为,即使是在疫情爆发前没有出现问题、家庭健康、关系稳定的牢固夫妻,也可能在疫情期间分手。英国心理治疗协会(UK Council for Psychotherapy)发言人、心理治疗师罗南•斯蒂曼(Ronen Stilman)解释说,这是因为疫情破坏了“已经确立的、能够提供舒适、稳定节律的常规活动”。如果没有这些,伴侣在感情之外“寻求其他形式的支持或激励”的机会就很有限,这会让他们处于压力之下。斯蒂曼说:“越来越多的人陷入困境,他们很难应付。就像积聚压力的压力锅一样,锅盖最终会破裂,夫妻关系也是如此。”

    此外,婚姻关系专家表示,疫情的经济影响也可能是导致分手的主要原因,因为失业、休假或拿回家的工资较少。“至少自二战以来,在经济衰退期间,离婚数量无一例外地呈上升趋势,” 瑞典西北部于默奥大学(Umeå University)研究人口历史的格伦·桑德斯特罗姆(Glen Sandström)解释说。“考虑到我们目前正在经历一场严重的经济危机,我们预计最终结果将是婚姻更加不稳定。”

    金钱是导致婚姻冲突的最常见原因之一。桑德斯特罗姆说:“收入减少加剧了关系的紧张,因为在如何消费的观念上产生冲突,心理压力增加,反过来,由于担心如何入不敷出,导致关系质量下降。” 被裁员也会对自尊造成重大打击,尤其是男性,他们“比女性更将自我价值建立在为家庭提供经济保障的能力上”。这可以表现为焦虑、愤怒和沮丧,以及增加家庭暴力的可能性。

    然而,与其他金融危机不同的是,新冠疫情对那些已经在酒店、休闲、零售和旅游等低收入行业从事不稳定工作的人造成了更严重的打击——在这些行业中,妇女、年轻人和少数族裔人数过多。为英国黑人和亚洲社区服务的文化心理治疗(Culture Minds Therapy)的治疗师尼基塔·阿明(Nikita Amin)表示,咨询夫妻心理和个人治疗的人数有所增加。她说,这反映了疫病对这些群体的影响程度,因为英国的少数族裔原本不太可能就心理健康和人际关系问题寻求帮助,部分原因是他们的文化以分居和离婚为耻辱。她认为,可能还有很多人无法寻求帮助,因为他们没有时间或金钱,或者因为害怕伴侣或亲属对自己正考虑分居时可能做出的反应。

    伦敦个人成长方面的专家诺埃尔•贝尔(Noel Bell)等心理治疗专家认为,疫情还促使人们对自己想要什么生活方式、想要什么样的伴侣进行更多的重新评估。有证据表明,人们希望搬家,拥有不同的生活方式,比如搬到通勤时间更少的地区,这一点很明显。

    “这种重新评估在婚姻中也会发生,夫妻们重新评估他们的生活选择和情感需求。” 他说。

    “疫情的压力提醒我们所有人,生命可能是短暂的,我们需要想好和谁一起度过我们的宝贵时间。”

  • Sun, January 3, 2021. Countries across the world tightened restrictions on their populations Saturday to fight a resurgence in the coronavirus, as the European Union offered to help drug companies expand vaccine production to improve distribution “bottlenecks”. From local curfews, to alcohol bans and complete lockdowns, governments are trying to tackle a surge in cases

    Countries across the world tightened restrictions on their populations Saturday to fight a resurgence in the coronavirus, as the European Union offered to help drug companies expand vaccine production to improve distribution “bottlenecks”.

    From local curfews, to alcohol bans and complete lockdowns, governments are trying to tackle a surge in cases.

    The coronavirus has killed more than 1.8 million people globally since emerging in China in December 2019, according to a tally from official sources compiled by AFP.

    But experts fear the worst is yet to come, predicting a sharp rise in cases and deaths after weeks of holiday gatherings.

    French police  booked hundreds of New Year revelers for flouting anti-COVID-19 measures at an illegal rave.

    In Bangkok, the city’s nightlife shut down following a ban on bars, nightclubs and restaurant alcohol sales, among a raft of restrictions aimed at curbing the kingdom’s rising coronavirus toll

    Public schools in the Thai capital are to close for two weeks.

    An outbreak last month at a massive seafood market has led to a resurgence of the virus in Thailand, with infections detected in 53 of the kingdom’s 77 provinces.

    In Tokyo, the city’s governor on Saturday asked Japan’s government to declare a new state of emergency as the country battles a third wave of the coronavirus, with record numbers of new cases.

    The soaring number of infections around the world means the race to vaccinate is set to dominate the coming year.

    But delays in getting the vaccines were not the fault of the European Union, said the bloc’s health commissioner Stella Kyriakides.

    “The bottleneck at the moment is not the volume of orders but the worldwide shortage of production capacity,” she said.

    The bloc would help drug companies in their efforts to develop candidate vaccines, she added.

    “The situation will improve step by step.”

    India on Saturday staged nationwide drills to start one of the world’s biggest coronavirus vaccination programs as the drug regulator prepared to approve the AstraZeneca-Oxford University shot. 

    In the United States, the vaccination programme has been beset by logistical problems, even as the world’s worst-hit country passed 20 million cases.

    In Russia, Health Minister Mikhail Murashko said that more than 800,000 people had received the domestically produced Sputnik V vaccine and that 1.5 million doses had been distributed throughout the country of around 147 million.

    The Kremlin has held back on imposing nationwide virus restrictions, instead placing its hopes on the mass vaccination drive to end the pandemic and save its struggling economy from the hit of another lockdown.

    The French government, facing the threat of a new wave of Covid-19 infections, lengthened an overnight curfew by two hours in parts of the country to help combat the virus.

    The curfew will start at 6 pm, rather than 8 pm in parts of France, mainly in the country’s east. Paris has, for now, been spared the additional restriction.

    The new French restrictions came as police booked more than 1,200 revelers Saturday following an illegal rave in northwestern France finally ended after more than two days of partying that also saw clashes with police.

    Of those, around 800 people were booked for flouting anti-virus measures, while the regional health authority in Brittany noted the “high risk of the spread of COVID-19” at the event.

    “We knew what we were risking… we had to party, for a year everything has been stuck,” said one of the revelers, a 20-year-old waitress.

    Spanish police broke up another gathering Saturday near Barcelona, where 300 people had been partying for more than 40 hours.

    And soccer players were also among those caught breaking coronavirus rules, with Tottenham’s Erik Lamela, Sergio Reguilon and Giovani Lo Celso to be disciplined after a pictured emerged of them attending a large party.

    Norway, which has one of the lowest infection rates in Europe, on Saturday began requiring Covid-19 tests upon arrival into the country, after finding five cases of a new coronavirus variant that first emerged in Britain.

    Denmark discovered 86 cases of the new variant, which is believed to be more contagious.

    The tiny British enclave of Gibraltar, off Spain, went into a 14-day lockdown Saturday. Chief Minister Fabian Picardo said the virus was spreading “more quickly than we can control it”.

    Greece has extended until January 10 its strict two-month lockdown measures, ending an easing of the restrictions over the holiday period.

    In Lebanon, medics warned that hospitals are being overwhelmed by coronavirus cases, in the wake of end of year holidays.

    But in Australia, the finishing touches were being put on a glitzy show at the Sydney Opera House Saturday, as the venue prepared to host an opera crowd for the first time since March following a virus hiatus.

  • 2021-1-4,法国小学及初中学生今天将按时返校上学,法国教育部长布朗盖周日表示,政府计划进一步加强高中的大范围检测,并希望教师尽快接种疫苗

    法国小学及初中学生今天将按时返校上学,法国教育部长布朗盖周日表示,政府计划进一步加强高中的大范围检测,并希望教师尽快接种疫苗。

    周一是中小学开学的日子。教育部长布朗盖周日在接受媒体采访时表示,小学及初中学生将按原计划返校,他并承诺,各地学校将加强健康保护措施。由于在法国也发现来自英国的变种病毒,外界普遍担心随着中小学开学,疫情会进一步扩散。对此,布朗盖表示,将在学校加强检测。他表示,完全有把握组织好今天的中小学开学。

    法国卫生总署署长热罗姆·萨洛蒙周日也表示,这两种变种毒株对青年人威胁更大。 “因此,我们将关注的重点放在大学及中学校园内”。萨罗姆特别指出,“由于学生是从法国或国外的不同地方返校,有可能改变病毒的传播路径”。

    在谈到1月20日100%高中生返校的目标,教育部长布朗盖表示,将尽最大的努力保证高中生1月20日完成返校。不过,如果届时某些地区疫情恶化,学校将采取具体措施。

    教育部长并希望学校教师能够尽快进行疫苗接种,“最迟在三月份进行疫苗接种”。